by Ben Russon, Franklin Templeton Investments
The UK equity market has weathered the pandemic period but continues to trade at a discount to other major markets. Weâve been asked why this is the case, and if now is a good time now to invest. The wise Sir John Templeton once said that history shows that time, not timing, is the key to investment success. Therefore, the best time to invest âis when you have moneyâ. That said, we are bullish on UK equities for many reasons, and see a number of potential opportunities across the market capitalisation spectrum.
Inflationary Impacts
As the global economy emerges from the pandemic, the key debate in the financial markets surrounds inflation; whether we are experiencing the start of a paradigm shift into a more inflationary world, or whether the elevated inflation data we are seeing at the moment is a function of transitory forces distorted by the pandemic. Whether inflation winds up as a short- or long-term phenomenon has big implications for the pricing of financial assets of all kinds and has far-reaching consequences.
The worldâs largest economy, the United States, is accelerating out of the pandemic, and inflation is, too. Commodity prices have risen, and there are lingering supply bottlenecks. For decades, the US Federal Reserve (Fed) has failed to achieve its 2% inflation target, but the core Personal Consumption Expenditures Indexâthe Fedâs preferred inflation gaugeâjumped above 3% year-over-year in April. However, Fed officials have dubbed inflation as âtransitoryâ and remain focused on boosting employment.
Similarly, UK consumer price inflation has risen above the Bank of Englandâs target, but policymakers also believe it will be transient and that UK inflation will return to historic norms in years ahead and not breakout to sustained high levels. For several decades, deflationary forces have been a feature of the global economy, driven by structural forces such as demographic trends, the impact of technology and the internetâwhich have improved productivityâglobal indebtedness, Chinaâs rise within the world economy, and the demise of trade unionism. Ultimately, we would need to see price increases translate into ongoing above-average wage increases in order to generate a sustained inflationary spiral; this is not something that is immediately apparent.
Inflation matters to the markets for a number of reasonsâone being its impact on monetary policy. Accommodative monetary policy globally has helped drive asset prices higher, and the reduction or removal of quantitative easing and rising interest rates will trigger a repricing of risk-assets. It wasnât all that long ago that we were debating negative interest rates in the United Kingdom, but interest-rate expectations have increased as economic data has shown strength. That said, it appears we are still at least two years out from getting back to pre-pandemic interest rate levels, and more importantly, the UK market has not experienced a re-rating on the back of monetary loosening. Both these factors would suggest investors do not need to be overly concerned about a normalisation of rate policy as a significant threat to the UK market.
Upside Economic Surprises
As mentioned, the economic data have been strong in recent months, in many cases far surpassing expectations. The United Kingdomâs aggressive vaccine rollout has helped reopen the economy and get us back to some sort of normalityâUK gross domestic product forecasts are grouped around high-single-digit numbers if the re-opening continues. The UK Economic Surprise Indexâwhich tracks whether published economic data exceeds or misses forecasted expectationsâhas surged in recent months.
People were very pessimistic when the pandemic first broke; for example, if you look at the housing data at the start the pandemic, people assumed UK house prices would fall and while they did initially, they rebounded quickly. The housing market has been more robust this year than many had expected, with prices up 10% in March versus the same time last yearâthe fastest rate of growth in 14 years.1The pandemic actually created forced savings; because the economy was shut down consumers could not spend on things they normally wouldâholidays, socialising and all the spending that goes with that. So, there is a lot of pent-up demand that could drive strong economic growth beyond this year, which, from an investment standpoint, is positive for domestic cyclical stocks, including areas like construction and leisure.
While COVID-19 variants represent a potential threat, the hope is vaccines will be able to restrain another resurgence. As of end-June, 85% of adults in the United Kingdom have had one vaccine dose and 62% have had two, far exceeding that of continental Europe.1
UK Stock Valuations Havenât Kept Pace
Many investors had shunned UK equities after the 2016 Brexit vote passed, and stocks experienced a de-rating at that time that made UK equities particularly cheap compared with other marketsâand they still are. This disparity was compounded by the re-rating of global equities that occurred through the course of the 2020 rebound, making the UK market look very good value on a relative basis.
The UK bourse benefits from a number of interesting domestic playsâparticularly within the middle and small end of the capitalisation spectrum. These companies are generally outperforming their large-cap peers this year because of the quicker rebound in demand. We have also seen strong demand for more growth-orientated companies such as within the technology and digital sector, particularly the companies that will benefit from the acceleration of trends weâve seen during the pandemicâsuch as remote work, e-commerce, etc. Â Many of these smaller companies have a domestic focus and offer a large and diverse number of stocks across an array of industries and niche specialist markets, which provide the potential for superior earnings growth. While a number of these businesses suffered during the pandemic, in many cases, theyâve come through with strong balance sheets and enhanced market positions, leaving them well-placed for a strong recovery.
While we also see good opportunities in larger companies, macroeconomic factors outside the United Kingdom tend to have a greater influence on the multinationals, so investing at the smaller end of the capitalisation range can offer greater exposure to the UK domestic economy. Furthermore, many investors donât realize that the UK boasts a number of world-leading technology companies at the smaller end of the market. Profits have not yet recovered to 2019 levels, but as the momentum in the recovery builds in the second half of this year and into 2022, we think there is a good chance weâll see a continuation of accelerated profit growth.
Many companies have acted to reduce and control their cost bases over the past year and are emerging in excellent health with strong balance sheets. Many went through a period of cash conservation, paying down debt, cutting and reducing capital expenditure plans. That means they are coming through the pandemic in a strong position to capitalise on the opportunities ahead and have the opportunity to enhance their competitive position and grow their market share.
As we look for opportunities within the UK market, these are the types of companies we seekâthose that are well-positioned to take full advantage of the post-pandemic period. For example, we are seeing industrial demand start to strengthen as economies and businesses start to reopen, together with low inventory in the supply chain, which offers opportunities in areas like autos, electronic components and distribution businesses.
Additionally, we have seen a step up in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) as both corporate and private equity take advantage of their strengthened capital position and the UK valuation opportunity ahead of a more sustained period of recovery and growth. We are also seeing more companies listing on the public markets this year which is providing a pipeline of interesting investment opportunitiesâthe volume of initial public offerings in the United Kingdom in the first quarter of 2021 was higher than any other quarter since early 2018. So, we think there will be even more opportunities for investors going forward, and we are excited about the prospects for the UK equity market.
What Are the Risks?
All investments involve risk, including possible loss of principal. The value of investments can go down as well as up, and investors may not get back the full amount invested. Stock prices fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and dramatically, due to factors affecting individual companies, particular industries or sectors, or general market conditions. Special risks are associated with foreign investing, including currency fluctuations, economic instability and political developments. Smaller and newer companies can be particularly sensitive to changing economic conditions. Their growth prospects are less certain than those of larger, more established companies, and they can be volatile. Actively managed strategies could experience losses if the investment managerâs judgment about markets, interest rates or the attractiveness, relative values, liquidity or potential appreciation of particular investments made for a portfolio, proves to be incorrect. There can be no guarantee that an investment managerâs investment techniques or decisions will produce the desired results.
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1. Source: UK Office for National Statistics UK House Price Index April 2021.
2. Source: UK Department of Health and Social Care, gov.uk, as at 30 June 2021.
This post was first published at the official blog of Franklin Templeton Investments.